feat: implement Pillars 2-4 and fix a production false-positive in Pillar 1

Pillar 1 v1.1 (shipped earlier) flagged benign browsing bursts as
beaconing: on short captures, grid periods longer than the observed
span never complete a cycle, so significance saturates to 1 and the
score sticks at exactly 0.5. v1.2 caps the grid at a third of the
observed span, requires a minimum number of completed cycles, and
excludes protocols that are periodic by nature (NTP, DNS, mDNS,
ICMP). Validated against 300 seeds per scenario: false positives on
bursty traffic drop from the 290-300/300 that v1.1 produced to 0/300,
with every beacon-detection scenario scoring unchanged.

Add Pillar 2 (persistent/long-lived sessions, with Zeek's fragmented
TCP sessions rejoined after a 5-minute gap), Pillar 3 (DNS tunneling
via Shannon-entropy information volume per subdomain per hour; the
Jensen-Shannon divergence was measured and does not separate tunnels
from benign CDN subdomains, so it stays in the evidence at zero
weight instead of in the score), and Pillar 4 (deterministic
noisy-OR fusion across the three pillars).

The fusion formula was validated against 8 labeled real-traffic
vectors (IoT-23, CTU-Normal) with tolerance <= 1e-4. A known
limitation is kept, not hidden: a benign Philips HUE bulb's strict
periodic polling and a 21.9h session score it above three real C2
hosts. No weight or threshold was tuned to mask this; it is
documented in the architecture docs instead.

Also fixes real bugs found along the way: ingest_dir's partition
count summed file names instead of distinct dates, DuckDB errors
were counted as bad rows, /api/alerts always returned an empty list
regardless of the last analysis, and the dashboard still claimed
every pillar was unimplemented.

Restores four design corrections that were missing from
docs/architecture.md (KL to Jensen-Shannon, the persistent-session
detector, the JA4 licensing boundary, and deterministic reduction
order), and catalogs the public datasets used for validation
(IoT-23, CTU-Normal, Mendeley DTQBC) with their licenses and SHA-256
checksums under research/validation/.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01VAyr8d7HuAdUGB6aA5xmDD

research/README.pt-BR.md

@@ -9,6 +9,13 @@ Use-o para gerar fixtures reproduzíveis, comparar implementações com bibliote
 de referência e rodar notebooks dos quatro pilares de detecção. O motor Rust
 continua sendo o único runtime usado em produção.
 
+Scripts de validação e referências de datasets estão em [`validation/`](validation/):
+- `validation/datasets.tsv`: URLs de datasets públicos, arquivos, licenças e checksums SHA-256.
+- `validation/p1v12sim.py`: simulação e validação do Pilar 1 v1.2 (Rayleigh/Schuster).
+- `validation/p2real.py`: validação do encadeamento de sessões TCP persistentes.
+- `validation/p3sim.py`, `p3hourly.py`, `p3real.py`: análise de capacidade de informação em túneis DNS.
+- `validation/mkpcap_idle.py`: gerador de fixture sintético para divisão TCP por inatividade.
+
 ```bash
 cd research
 python3 -m venv .venv