chore(i18n): finish translating code comments and scripts to English

Completes the English-only standardization for code, comments, scripts
and CI templates (UI/CLI-facing strings stay bilingual pt-BR/en,
untouched). Covers the remaining crates/, apps/gui/ui/ and
apps/gui/src-tauri/ comments, .gitea/ workflow and template comments,
.githooks/ hooks, and the scripts/ source comments for the files
already renamed in a prior commit (check.sh, generate-logo.py,
install-hooks.sh).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01VAyr8d7HuAdUGB6aA5xmDD

apps/gui/src-tauri/build.rs

@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@ fn main() {
     let _ = std::fs::copy("../../../logo.png", "../ui/logo.png");
     #[cfg(windows)]
     {
-        // Ler discos brutos no Windows exige administrador: o manifesto pede elevação (UAC).
+        // Reading raw disks on Windows requires Administrator privileges: embed UAC elevation manifest.
         let manifest = include_str!("windows-app-manifest.xml");
         let attrs = tauri_build::Attributes::new()
             .windows_attributes(tauri_build::WindowsAttributes::new().app_manifest(manifest));
-        tauri_build::try_build(attrs).expect("falha no tauri-build");
+        tauri_build::try_build(attrs).expect("tauri-build failed");
     }
     #[cfg(not(windows))]
     tauri_build::build();