chore(i18n): finish translating code comments and scripts to English

Completes the English-only standardization for code, comments, scripts
and CI templates (UI/CLI-facing strings stay bilingual pt-BR/en,
untouched). Covers the remaining crates/, apps/gui/ui/ and
apps/gui/src-tauri/ comments, .gitea/ workflow and template comments,
.githooks/ hooks, and the scripts/ source comments for the files
already renamed in a prior commit (check.sh, generate-logo.py,
install-hooks.sh).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01VAyr8d7HuAdUGB6aA5xmDD

crates/guara-core/tests/bitlocker.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-//! BitLocker: imagens reais do conjunto de testes do cryptsetup (GitLab), com senhas conhecidas.
-//! Baixe com `scripts/fetch-testdata.sh`; sem elas os testes são pulados.
+//! BitLocker: real test images from the `cryptsetup` test suite (with known passwords/recovery keys).
+//! Download with `scripts/fetch-testdata.sh`; tests are skipped if images are absent.
 
 use guara_core::crypt::{bitlocker, Secret, UnlockError};
 use guara_core::partition::detect_fs_in;
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ fn conf(d: &std::path::Path) -> BTreeMap<String, BTreeMap<String, String>> {
 }
 
 fn check_fs(src: &dyn Source, what: &str) {
-    // Imagens "encrypt-on-write" não têm sistema de arquivos reconhecível (UUID vazio no images.conf).
+    // Used-space-only ("encrypt-on-write") images in `images.conf` have an empty filesystem UUID.
     if what.contains("-eow ") {
         return;
     }
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ fn opens_all_reference_images_with_password_and_recovery_key() {
         let src: Arc<dyn Source> = Arc::new(FileSource::open(&path).unwrap());
         let pw = c.get("PW").cloned().unwrap_or_default();
         let rp = c.get("RP").cloned().unwrap_or_default();
-        // Proteção suspensa (chave limpa): abre sem segredo nenhum.
+        // Suspended protection (clear key present on disk): unlocks without any user secret.
         if let Ok(u) = bitlocker::unlock(src.clone(), &[]) {
             check_fs(u.source.as_ref(), &format!("{name} (chave limpa)"));
             eprintln!("ok {name}: chave limpa");