chore(i18n): finish translating code comments and scripts to English

Completes the English-only standardization for code, comments, scripts
and CI templates (UI/CLI-facing strings stay bilingual pt-BR/en,
untouched). Covers the remaining crates/, apps/gui/ui/ and
apps/gui/src-tauri/ comments, .gitea/ workflow and template comments,
.githooks/ hooks, and the scripts/ source comments for the files
already renamed in a prior commit (check.sh, generate-logo.py,
install-hooks.sh).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01VAyr8d7HuAdUGB6aA5xmDD

crates/guara-core/tests/sqlite.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-//! Leitor de SQLite: esquema, linhas (com overflow e árvores de vários níveis),
-//! registros apagados e robustez contra bancos danificados.
+//! SQLite B-tree reader tests: schema parsing, multi-level B-trees with overflow pages,
+//! deleted-row carving from freeblocks, and fuzz/truncation resilience.
 
 use guara_core::source::MemSource;
 use guara_core::sqlite::{is_sqlite, Cell, Db};
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ fn esquema_com_tabelas_indices_e_views() {
     assert_eq!(s.indexes, ["idx_usuarios_email"]);
     assert_eq!(s.views, ["maiores"]);
     assert!(s.warnings.is_empty(), "{:?}", s.warnings);
-    assert_eq!(db.count_rows(u), 493); // 500 menos 7 apagados
+    assert_eq!(db.count_rows(u), 493); // 500 inserted rows minus 7 deleted rows
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -47,17 +47,17 @@ fn linhas_em_arvore_de_varios_niveis_e_paginacao() {
     let p = db.rows("usuarios", 0, 5).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(p.total, 493);
     assert_eq!(p.rows.len(), 5);
-    // o alias do rowid (INTEGER PRIMARY KEY) vem preenchido
+    // `INTEGER PRIMARY KEY` column (`id`) is populated from the B-tree cell `rowid`
     assert!(matches!(p.rows[0].cells[0], Cell::Int(1)));
     assert_eq!(text(&p.rows[0].cells[1]), "Pessoa 0001");
     assert_eq!(text(&p.rows[0].cells[2]), "pessoa1@exemplo.com");
     assert!(matches!(p.rows[0].cells[3], Cell::Int(19)));
     assert!(matches!(p.rows[1].cells[4], Cell::Real(r) if (r - 3.0).abs() < 1e-9));
     assert!(matches!(&p.rows[2].cells[5], Cell::Blob { len: 3, .. }));
-    // pula os apagados 101..103: a linha de índice 100 é o id 104
+    // rows 101..=103 were deleted, so row index 100 is `id = 104`
     let q = db.rows("usuarios", 100, 2).unwrap();
     assert!(matches!(q.rows[0].cells[0], Cell::Int(104)));
-    // última linha
+    // last row (`id = 500`)
     let last = db.rows("usuarios", 492, 10).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(last.rows.len(), 1);
     assert_eq!(text(&last.rows[0].cells[1]), "Pessoa 0500");
@@ -114,13 +114,13 @@ fn recupera_registros_apagados_das_areas_livres() {
         "só {achados} de 7 registros apagados recuperados: {nomes:?}"
     );
     assert!(d.rows.iter().all(|r| r.deleted));
-    // a tabela de notas não teve nada apagado
+    // the second table had no deleted rows
     assert!(db.deleted_rows("notas").unwrap().rows.is_empty());
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn banco_truncado_e_corrompido_nao_derruba_nem_trava() {
-    // metade do arquivo
+    // truncated to half the file size
     let half = DB[..DB.len() / 2].to_vec();
     let src = MemSource(half);
     let db = Db::open(&src).unwrap();
@@ -132,11 +132,11 @@ fn banco_truncado_e_corrompido_nao_derruba_nem_trava() {
     );
     let p = db.rows("usuarios", 0, 1000).unwrap();
     assert!(!p.rows.is_empty() && p.rows.len() < 493, "{}", p.rows.len());
-    // sem cabeçalho
+    // wiped SQLite header
     let mut bad = DB.to_vec();
     bad[0] = b'X';
     assert!(Db::open(&MemSource(bad)).is_err());
-    // corrupção aleatória (semente fixa): nunca pode dar panic
+    // deterministic pseudo-random byte corruption: must never panic
     let mut x: u64 = 0x1234_5678_9abc_def0;
     for _ in 0..60 {
         let mut d = DB.to_vec();