chore(i18n): finish translating code comments and scripts to English

Completes the English-only standardization for code, comments, scripts
and CI templates (UI/CLI-facing strings stay bilingual pt-BR/en,
untouched). Covers the remaining crates/, apps/gui/ui/ and
apps/gui/src-tauri/ comments, .gitea/ workflow and template comments,
.githooks/ hooks, and the scripts/ source comments for the files
already renamed in a prior commit (check.sh, generate-logo.py,
install-hooks.sh).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01VAyr8d7HuAdUGB6aA5xmDD

scripts/make-xfs-real-deletion.sh

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Cria uma imagem XFS com exclusão REAL (feita pelo kernel), para validar a recuperação de XFS
-# sem simulação. Precisa de root, porque monta a imagem por loop: sudo scripts/make-xfs-real-deletion.sh
+# Creates an XFS disk image with REAL kernel-performed file deletion to validate
+# XFS recovery without simulation. Requires root (mounts via loop device):
+#   sudo scripts/make-xfs-real-deletion.sh
 #
-# Saída em target/testdata/xfs-real-delete/: disk.img e expected.tsv (nome, tamanho, sha256 e se
-# o arquivo foi apagado). O teste em crates/guara-core/tests/xfs.rs usa esses dois arquivos e é
-# pulado quando eles não existem.
+# Output in target/testdata/xfs-real-delete/: disk.img and expected.tsv (path, size,
+# sha256, and deletion status). Used by crates/guara-core/tests/xfs.rs when present.
 set -euo pipefail
-[ "$(id -u)" = 0 ] || { echo "rode com sudo: sudo $0" >&2; exit 1; }
+[ "$(id -u)" = 0 ] || { echo "run with sudo: sudo $0" >&2; exit 1; }
 root="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." && pwd)"
 out="${1:-$root/target/testdata/xfs-real-delete}"
 mkdir -p "$out"
 img="$out/disk.img"
 rm -f "$img"
-truncate -s 320M "$img"   # o mkfs.xfs recente recusa menos de 300 MiB
+truncate -s 320M "$img"   # recent mkfs.xfs rejects volumes smaller than 300 MiB
 mkfs.xfs -q -f "$img"
 mnt="$(mktemp -d)"
 cleanup() { mountpoint -q "$mnt" && umount "$mnt"; rmdir "$mnt" 2>/dev/null || true; }
@@ -27,14 +27,14 @@ def data(seed, n):
         x ^= (x << 13) & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; x ^= x >> 7; x ^= (x << 17) & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
         out.append((x >> 24) & 0xFF)
     return bytes(out)
-files = [  # (caminho, tamanho, semente, apagar?)
+files = [  # (relative_path, size, seed, should_delete)
     ("docs/relatorio.dat", 150000, 5, True),
     ("docs/mantido.dat", 90000, 6, False),
     ("fotos/foto1.bin", 300000, 7, True),
     ("fotos/foto2.bin", 40000, 8, False),
     ("raiz-apagada.txt", 20000, 9, True),
 ]
-# um arquivo com estrutura reconhecível (SQLite), para a recuperação por carving
+# Include a file with a recognizable header (SQLite) to test carving recovery
 real = open(sqlite, "rb").read()
 rows = []
 files.append(("dados/exemplo.sqlite", len(real), 0, True))