chore(i18n): finish translating code comments and scripts to English

Completes the English-only standardization for code, comments, scripts
and CI templates (UI/CLI-facing strings stay bilingual pt-BR/en,
untouched). Covers the remaining crates/, apps/gui/ui/ and
apps/gui/src-tauri/ comments, .gitea/ workflow and template comments,
.githooks/ hooks, and the scripts/ source comments for the files
already renamed in a prior commit (check.sh, generate-logo.py,
install-hooks.sh).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01VAyr8d7HuAdUGB6aA5xmDD

.gitea/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-## O que muda e por quê
+## What changes and why
 
 ## Checklist
-- [ ] `cargo fmt --all` e `cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets` sem avisos
-- [ ] `cargo test --workspace` passa
-- [ ] Nada neste PR transmite ou envia dados capturados para fora da máquina
-- [ ] CHANGELOG atualizado (se houver mudança visível)
+- [ ] `cargo fmt --all` and `cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets` pass without warnings
+- [ ] `cargo test --workspace` passes
+- [ ] Nothing in this PR transmits captured data outside the local machine
+- [ ] Commits follow Conventional Commits in English and code/comments are in English
+- [ ] CHANGELOG updated (if there is a user-visible change)